Entero-Plasorene Functions of Immortal and Purified Natural Killer Stem Cells and Genetics
The leaves from the “Tree of Life” produce a byproduct, I named Entero-Plasorene.
All micrographs of Entero-Plasorene were captured on digital camera inserted into ocular lens of my novel microscope using a 10x wide field and set at 4x object lens equaling 40x magnification. Please refer to the “Tree of Life” rare and non-conventional scientific analytical evaluations for each raw part and byproducts document under the navigation menu Resources.
Below images reveal Immortal Genetic prismatic molecules of a gravitational lens with a Royal Purple Cross, Centrosomes with Centriole nucleus of Neutron Royal Purple Crosses, right angles, and a few square structures within iridescent amorphous fingers of a hand. Additionally, many images of Natural Killer Hematopoietic Stem Cells, and 3D or three-dimensional microporous prismatic tubular bone structure with Seahorse and separate components.
Images 1-3- are amazing showing vivid bioluminescent centromeres, and a partial iridescent glassy hand and the fingers show iridescent glassy colorful centrosomes and centrioles with a nucleus of the Holy Cross, right angles, and a few squares.
In document “Tree of Life Entero-Plasorene Images and Descriptions” under the navigation menu called Resources: Shows all images and descriptions. Some images are expanded, and blue marked for clarity and location. Additionally, some natural enlarged Natural Killer cells show sea horse inclusions or enveloped within the Natural Killer Cells.
Images-4 through 12 reveals Natural Killer Stem cells (white blood cells), in which is normally never isolated or even seen through a microscope.
Entero-Plasorene Biological Functions of Immortal and Purified Natural Killer Stem Cells and Genetics
The functions of the Natural Killer Stem Cells from the Tree of Life are truly remarkable and are not comparable to Traditional science evaluations of NK Stem cell functions.
First and Foremost- Entero-Plasorene is a steam distilled byproduct from the Leaves of the Tree of Life. After eight (8) years of extensive studies, evaluations and biological functions with diverse individuals. Entero-Plasorene either significantly treats or heals many types of diseases and quickly removes certain types of tumors. [more studies through a clinical facility would show even more benefits and functions from these amazing immortal NK stem cells and genetics enveloped in Entero-Plasorene.] The illuminati’s don’t want medicines that heals you, only harmaceuticals that slowly or quickly Kill you!
- Entero-Plasorene– quickly treats food poisoning, unlike unbiblical usage of human embryo stem cells and animal stem cells a hybrid cloned organisms from both human and animals, or restriction from DNA/RNA nucleotide chemical restriction or repression within the adaptive immune system.
- Entero-Plasorene– quickly treats GERD or Gastroesophageal reflux disease and Ulcer Flare-Ups.
- Taking Entero-Plasorene orally for a certain time heals peptic ulcer erosions within the Epithelial lining and GERD disease. I do have medical validations for these claims.
- Entero-Plasorene– removes over 10,000 Uterine Fibroid Tumors taken within a 60-90-day timeframe. Unlike anything ever witnessed- [normally uterine fibroid tumors are surgically removed via hysterectomy]
- Entero-Plasorene– has treated and removed all types of parasites within humans and dogs.
- Entero-Plasorene- With one customer and friend, I witnessed and recorded through a two-year study just how powerful Entero-Plasorene treated Systemic Lupus and all blood work revealed this customer showed no signs of Lupus.
- Entero-Plasorene and Evo-Sol taken together significantly treats and eventually heals the herpes simplex virus!
- Entero-Plasorene– has amazing biological functioning results for significantly reducing chronic pain in the gut flora or digestive system, spine, shoulder, neck, hips, and knees.
- Entero-Plasorene– This product is immensely powerful with individuals who are diagnosed with Schizophrenia and anxiety.
Currently pathologist, histologist, and lab scientist take Natural Killer Cell stem cells and other hematopoietic stem cells from human or animal bone marrow through needle aspirations. These scientist or specialists monitor or record how fast these stem cells grow and divide in a temperature regulated environment and what Petrochemical chemicals repress or restrict their growth and function and what Nucleotide or Petrochemical chemicals cause cellular division and at what concentration or pressure. These recordings or evaluations are called in vivo and in vitro studies.
Removing stem cells from bone marrow of a human or animal organism through needle aspirations is called in vivo study. Petrochemical dyes such as methylene blue, saffron red, and green fluorescent proteins and other stains or dyes are used, in which, is toxic to the stem cells. Green Fluorescent Proteins (GFP) produce inactive or not (live cells), therefore, GFP’s are highly toxic to stem cells. Furthermore, these lab scientist and specialist implant other organism as well as retroviruses into the agar plate with either bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells or embryo pluripotent stem cells, mouse fibroblast, and even gram-negative viruses to see how these combined hybrids or cloned organisms grow, divide, or how their functions are restricted through messenger or mRNA and RNA viruses. The agar plate or in vitro study provides simple analogies to these scientists, yet they still create medicine and preservatives with nucleotide petrochemicals (alpha amino acids of carboxylic acids and even more concentrated and acidic carbamide acid-using uracil or sulfur and more concentrated nitrogen-Urea) and these same scientist, medical industries, and CDC sold their souls to the Illuminati’s and want to blame you for everything you are eating or breathing in the air. They do not want to be held accountable for creating diseases and cancer, through their PHARMACEUTICALS and Preservatives!!! They know it is harming YOU, but they do not CARE! The only thing they care about is that you continue to Empower their bank accounts as yours continues to be depleted from all your health care co-pays or trips to the ER or doctors. It really is time to Wake Upand Take Back Your Freedom!
Please read my document Holy Crosses from the Tree of Life versus Laminin Cross from Lutheran blood under navigation menu Resources. It will open your eyes, expand your knowledge but also provide you with TRUTH!
What is the difference between the Illuminati’s DNA/RNA Genetics and Scientific Evaluations Versus My Scientific Evaluations and God’s Immortal Genetics revealed through the Tree of Life?
The Illuminant’s already performed experiments and studies in early 1900 using DNA/RNA petrochemical nucleotides and viruses in our immunized vaccines, and many other vaccines, pharmaceuticals, and food and beverage preservatives to intentionally create disease and cancer a medical system of band-aid antidotes to implement monetary circulation. John Rockefeller patented the man-made four fundamental building blocks of nitrogenous base with a phosphor and glucose backbone of DNA/RNA gene sequence codons. The Illuminati’s and those who worship them sold you a falsified bill of goods through an intentional manipulating evil agenda. Satan is the worldwide destroyer! God’s Immortal Genetics and Hematopoietic stem cells, plasma membrane, dendrites, brain neurons, myelin sheathing, myelinated neurons, cytoskeletal intermediate filaments, etc. Is here to HEAL us! Not destroy our bodies with poisons, diseases and cancers. God does not have agendas only humans do! God is full of love, light, and guidance. He is our Protector and Defender our Prince of Peace, and King of kings!
Additionally, God’s Immortal Purified Biomolecules and Cells are not man-made, they are captured through an inexpensive novel microscope at an incredibly low magnification and digitally recorded through a camera lens inserted into one of the ocular lenses producing micrographs. Therefore, I did not do anything special or manipulate these images with any petrochemical dyes or other chemicals. There is no harmful Agenda with God, only healing, love, and light! But this is the time, his blessings are going to be seen and available for anyone who desires them!
Entero-Plasorene- reveals Legendary Holy Crosses and Natural Killer Stem Cells through a novel microscope. As mentioned, no petrochemical dyes, stains, heat fixing, or in vivo or in vitro processes as well as any alcohol or antiseptic purification are needed. Furthermore, Entero-Plasorene is steam distilled at a high Celsius degree, and the molecular, cellular, genetic, and stem cell immortal molecules are retained, not dissipated, and are vividly visible in two- and three-dimensional structures: unlike traditional in vivo and in vitro studies where the molecules quickly dissipate and they can only show you schematical drawings of molecular structures, X-Chromosomes, Plasma membrane, and other animated graphs as seen on many You Tube videos. Additionally, traditional studies need high electron voltage or MRI magnetic resonance imaging, Flowmetry, Immuno fluoroscopic investigations, and Electron beams that lab scientist, pathologist, histologist, micro molecular biologist use to see some cytology cells and blood smears.
Lastly, I started working with Entero-Plasorene through micrograph studies and biological functions in January of 2016. In 2013, my extensive studies started with NuGold and Plasmahydroglycerol Pro. In eight years, I have found there are no side effects with Entero-Plasorene or any products from the Tree of Life, only healing proprietary values, UNLIKE, pharmaceuticals and Nucleotide Preservatives!
The Tree of Life Stem Cells are potent and quickly healing, and an individual can only take these products for a certain timeframe. I do have all recordings but will only reveal some on this website and podcast. In other words, God’s Immortal Pure Neutral Luminous Genetics and Stem Cells are more superior and regenerates or heals the body, mind, and spirit, unlike man-made cloned human and animal stem cells, embryo pluripotent stem cells or mouse or other animal stem cells. All recordings, experimentations and cited references have shown the cloned stem cells induce many diseases and cancers.
GOD IS OUR PROTECTOR, HEALER AND DEFENDER! It is a no brainer, the healing properties when we are witnessing Immortal Stem Cells, Genetics, Myelin Sheathing, Hematopoietic Natural Killer Stem Cells, Monocytes and Eosinophil Stem Cells or White Blood Cells, Myelinated Axon Neurons, Dendrites, Brain Neurons of Pyramidal neurons and Purkinje Neuron cells as well as Cytoskeletal intermediate Filaments, and the X-Chromosome, Centromere, Centrosomes and Centriole with Holy Crosses through the Intramolecular proprietary values through micrographs or images from a simple inexpensive NOVEL microscope!
The Centrosome and Centriole Functions as revealed in Images 1-3D in the Entero-Plasorene images under navigation menu Resources do originate from the metastate X-Chromosome as seen in Image-02 in the document Plasmahydro Glycerol Pro Images and Image Descriptions under navigation menu Resources.
The Immortal Centrosomes are more uniform circular, macromolecular microtubule organizing center of the cell. Most Centrosomes throughout many images except for Image 3C and 3D, represents the yellow, green, and blue colors as seen in the X-Chromosome Metastate image-02 from the adjacent centromeres that form the X-Chromosome and junction of two sister chromatids. However, Image 3c and 3d Centrosomes represent all seven rainbow colors in the two fingers of God’s hand. These Centrosomes and Centrioles are amorphous iridescent also show mitotic division along with the other images, but they are stationary and do not represent phases only Metastate, Interstate, Anastate and Prostate cell division or formation. The Centrosomes show protein formation from the Centromere conversion to the Centrosome.
The Nucleus of God’s Centrioles does not show proteins but, it does show many Holy Crosses representing his LEGEND, and symbolizing God is our Creator of the Universe and everything in it!
Each Centriole Nucleus shows Holy Crosses, Right Angles, and a few Squares with the primary color being either royal purple or blue representing Royalty! In the two iridescent fingers within the hand shows many Centrosomes and Centrioles with Holy Crosses, right angles, and a few squares in all rainbow colors. It is as if God is making a symbolic statement that he has the upper hand and is in control and has been since the beginning of time! The many colors also represent that God is the Parent cell of all his diverse children. We inherited our core cytoskeleton cells, collagen rich intermediate filaments with barbed ends, stem cells, genetics, myelin sheathing, myelinated neurons, Centrosomes and Centrioles, brain neurons and cells, hippocampus bilateral structures, dendritic neurons and neuron cells as well as similar cellular functions from God. But as human beings, we are comprised of GERMS, and God is not! So, we do not have identical functions only similarities! We are only meant to stay here on earth for a shorter time frame so make the best of it while you are here and LIVE YOUR PURPOSE!
Each male and female human or animal has a shared copy of God’s one X-Chromosome in us, and two copies from each of our mortal parents. Centrosomes are treated the same as genetics or with God’s immortal Genetics, GNA or God’s neutral/neutron agents.
God’s Immortal Stationary non-complicate Centrosomes and Centriole structures are massive or exceptionally large macromolecules. The Centrosomes are comprised of smooth colorful tubule fibers appearing like a fabricated blanket with the fiber strands hidden from view and blend well within the circular structure. The Centriole is not hollow, it reveals geometric shapes of right angles, squares and the Legendary Holy Cross, but also XY2 unit or circle complementary of a horizontal line extending from each side of center point of the major axis and known as the azimuth or 180 degree line, and 90-degree north and 90-degree south conjugates create a vertical 180 degree extended from the center point of the minor axis of an ellipse or circle. In which, we know with XY2 creates a unit circle. The Centriole symbolizes that God is always the Cycle of Life!
The Centrosome and Centriole Genetic functions is here to repair our bodies to some degree from many diseases and poisonous man-made nucleotide DNA/RNA fundamental building blocks of petrochemical triplet adjacent gene sequence codons such as an example UUA or Uracil, Uracil (sulfur) and Adenine (phosphates). Sulfur and phosphates is double trouble producing carbamide acids. [Think about what carbamides will do in our bodies at a regulated temperature of 98.6 degrees and with a higher blood pressure: it will harden our arteries, coagulate our vascular and circulatory system, thicken our mucous membranes causing neoplasms, and higher risks for heart attacks and strokes, neuropathy and autoimmune disorders because acidic carboxylic acids and carbamides repress or restrict our innate white blood cells or hematopoietic stem cells from performing at a 100 percent capacity to engulf viruses, pathogens and produce a continuous or homeostasis of cellular division and cellular growth! There are so many cascading problems, I would have to write a book just on what Carbamides and carboxylic acids do to the body!
I hope you all know by now just how toxic and carcinogenic sulfur, nitrates, methanol and or synthesized Hydrocarbons (Benzene derivative), from Carbon rocks or Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Solid saturated). If you do not, please go back to the Man-Made DNA/RNA genetics versus God’s GNA genetic document uploaded on this website and Read, Study and Research all cited References!
Below are Traditional Evaluation recordings through in vivo, in vitro, clinical, and human and animal testing or experiments. Websites and cited references are for you to research the Truth! I highlighted many areas for your review!
https://sciencing.com/what-function-do-spindles-perform-during-mitosis-12731308.html
Spindles Perform During Mitosis?
Updated July 25, 2018
By Bert Markgraf
Each animal cell has two centrioles located within a centrosome. Both centrioles and centrosomes are complicated cell structures that are essential for cell division. The centrosome directs the movements of the chromosomes when a cell divides, and the centrioles help create the spindle of threads along which the duplicated chromosomes separate into the two new cells. The intricate structure of these cell organelles and the details of how they work gives an idea of the complex and finely tuned functioning of living cell division.
TL; DR (Too Long; Didn’t Read)
Chromosome migration in animal cell division is governed by the centrosome found near the nucleus of each cell. Two centrioles surrounded by a mass of material containing about 100 different proteins are located inside each centrosome. Centrioles are tiny organelles made up of nine symmetrically arranged microtubules, each of which has two partial tubules attached to it. During cell division, the centrosome directs the migration of chromosomes while the tubules of the centrioles help create a network of threads across the cell. In the final stages of cell division, the duplicate chromosomes separate and travel along the threads to opposite ends of the cell nucleus.
The Difference Between Centrosome and Centriole
While both are necessary for a cell to divide into two new identical cells, a centrosome is an amorphous structure containing two centrioles while a centriole is an organelle with an intricate microstructure. In a comparison of centrioles vs centrosome, the former has a complex physical structure that fulfills a specific need while the latter has a simple physical structure but carries out a variety of complex functions.
When a cell divides, a key operation is the duplication of chromosomes and their migration to opposite sides of the cell nucleus along a spindle of threads spanning the cell. The nucleus can then divide into two parts, each with a complete set of identical chromosomes. The centrosome contains and provides the proteins required for the creation of microtubule threads while the centrioles act as a kind of scaffolding for the newly formed microtubules. While they complement each other, they are responsible for completely different aspects of the thread spindle creation.
2.6MStay
The Functioning of Centrosomes and Centrioles During Cell Division
Before a cell divides, the centrosome is made up of two centrioles inside a mass of cell material containing about 100 different proteins. Each centriole is a symmetrical structure of nine microtubules arranged in a hollow cylinder. Each microtubule has two partial microtubules attached to it, and the two centrioles are located in the middle of the centrosome, arranged at right angles to each other.
When a cell divides into two identical new cells, all the cell features must be duplicated. The centrioles start duplicating first. They are normally close together and joined by a few fibers, but at the beginning of cell division, they move apart, remaining within the centrosome. Each original tubule grows a new tubule, and the new tubules arrange themselves into a new centriole situated at right angles to the original. The centrosome now has four centrioles and is ready to divide.
As two centrosomes form, each with two centrioles, the new centrosomes start moving apart to opposite ends of the nucleus. The spindle of microtubules along which the duplicated chromosomes will travel form between the two new centrosomes, with centrosome proteins arranging themselves into microtubules with the help of the centrioles. When the chromosomes have traveled along the spindle tubules to opposite ends of the nucleus, the cell can split, and cell division will be complete.
https://sciencing.com/difference-between-centriole-centrosome-13002.html
https://www.creative-diagnostics.com/hematopoietic-stem-cells.htm
Overview of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) also known as pluripotent stem cells, is a type of primitive hematopoietic cell in hematopoietic tissue. It can also be said that it is the original cell of all blood cells. That is, hematopoietic stem cells are differentiated and differentiated into different blood cell lines, and blood cells are further produced. Human hematopoietic stem cells first appeared in the 2-3 weeks of ovarian germination and migrated to the liver and spleen in the early embryonic stage (2-3rd month) and moved from the liver and spleen to the bone marrow in the fifth month. From the end of the embryo to the time of birth, the bone marrow becomes the main source of hematopoietic stem cells. Hematopoietic stem cells are the earliest, most, and most intensive research in stem cells. In recent years, important progress has been made in many research fields of hematopoietic stem cells. It has been successfully used in the clinical treatment of diseases such as leukemia and immunodeficiency.
Biological Characteristics
Hematopoietic stem cells are the only source of blood cells in the body, present in bone marrow, cord blood, and peripheral blood, it can self-renew or self-sustain, high proliferative potential, and multi-directional differentiation potential. Let us introduce these three biological characteristics carefully. (1) Self-renew or self-sustain. Under normal conditions, HSC undergoes asymmetrical mitosis to form two daughter cells. One of them still maintains the characteristics of hematopoietic stem cells, namely self-renewal. Self-renewal makes the size of the stem cell pool (the number of stem cells) and quality constant and is therefore called self-sustainment. Another sub-cell gradually changes its traits during mitosis, it becomes a progenitor cell, a precursor cell, and a mature blood cell of different lineages, replacing the cells that are consumed or senescent, thereby maintaining the number of various blood cells circulating. (2) High proliferative potential. In the bone marrow, HSC accounts for about 0.05% of bone marrow cells, and most of them are in the G0 phase. Under normal physiological conditions, less than 10% of HSCs are proliferating enough to maintain constant hematopoiesis. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy cause significant depletion of hematopoietic cell populations or HSCs can divide in large numbers under the influence of certain cytokines and HSC mobilizers, so that more HSCs enter the cell cycle. (3) multi-directional differentiation potential. HSC can not only differentiate into blood cell lines of various systems, such as erythroid cells, granulocyte cell lines, mononuclear-phagocytic cell lines, megakaryocyte cell lines, mononuclear-phagocytic cell lines, but also has plasticity and can be transformed into certain non-hematopoietic cells. Such as nerve cells, skeletal muscle cells, liver cells, vascular endothelial cells, and epithelial cells of various tissues.
Natural Killer (NK) cells are effector cells of the innate immune system and are important in the control of viral infection. Several key NK cell receptors.
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/24898-natural-killer-cells
What is Natural Killer (NK) Cells?
Natural killer cells (NK cells) are white blood cells that destroy infected cells and cancer cells in your body. NK cells are important fighters in your immune system. Your immune system protects you from harmful invaders, like pathogens (viruses, bacteria and parasites) and cancer cells.
NK cells belong to a specific group of white blood cells called lymphocytes, which also includes B-cells and T-cells.
Where are natural killer cells located?
NK cells start developing in the spongy tissue inside some bones called bone marrow. As they continue to develop, NK cells may stay in your bone marrow. They may move to other tissue and organs in your lymphatic system, such as your:
- Lymph nodes b. Spleen-c. Tonsils. d. Thymus.
Once they have matured, your body releases NK cells into your bloodstream. Mature NK cells also exist in lymph tissue and associated organs. They’re located in organs such as your liver and lungs.
How many natural killer cells are in the human body?
About 5% to 10% of the lymphocytes circulating in your blood are NK cells. They have a short lifespan of about two weeks. At any given time, adults have more than 2 billion NK cells.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myelopoiesis
Myelopoiesis
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In hematology, myelopoiesis in the broadest sense of the term is the production of bone marrow and of all cells that arise from it, namely, all blood cells.[1] In a narrower sense, myelopoiesis also refers specifically to the regulated formation of myeloid leukocytes (myelocytes), including eosinophilic granulocytes, basophilic granulocytes, neutrophilic granulocytes, and monocytes.[2]
The common myeloid progenitor can differentiate in the bone marrow into red blood cells and megakaryocytes (leading to platelets) as well as mast cells and myeloblasts, the latter leading to the myelocytic line (granulocytes) and to monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells of the innate immune system. The granulocytes, also called polymorphonuclear leukocytes because of their multilobed nuclei, are three short lived cell types including eosinophils, basophils, and neutrophils. A granulocyte differentiates into a distinct cell type by a process called granulopoiesis. In this process it first transforms from a common myeloblast (myeloid progenitor) to a common promyelocyte. This promyelocyte gives rise to a unique myelocyte that for the first time can be classified as an eosinophil, basophil, or neutrophil progenitor based on the histological staining affinity (eosinophilic, basophilic, or neutral granules).[3] The unique myelocyte next differentiates into a metamyelocyte and then a band cell, with a C-shaped nucleus, before becoming a mature eosinophil, basophil, or neutrophil. Macrophages come from monoblast progenitors that differentiate into promonocytes, which mature into monocytes. Monocytes eventually enter the tissues and become macrophages.[citation needed]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hematopoietic_stem_cell
Hematopoietic stem cell – Wikipedia
Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the stem cells[1] that give rise to other blood cells. This process is called haematopoiesis.[2] In vertebrates, the very first definitive HSCs arise from the ventral endothelial wall of the embryonic aorta within the (midgestational) aorta-gonad-mesonephros region, through a process known as endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition.[3][4] In adults, haematopoiesis occurs in the red bone marrow, in the core of most bones. The red bone marrow is derived from the layer of the embryo called the mesoderm.
Haematopoiesis is the process by which all mature blood cells are produced. It must balance enormous production needs (the average person produces more than 500 billion blood cells every day) with the need to regulate the number of each blood cell type in the circulation. In vertebrates, the vast majority of hematopoiesis occurs in the bone marrow and is derived from a limited number of hematopoietic stem cells that are multipotent and capable of extensive self-renewal.
Hematopoietic stem cells give rise to different types of blood cells, in lines called myeloid and lymphoid. Myeloid and lymphoid lineages both are involved in dendritic cell formation. Myeloid cells include monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, erythrocytes, and megakaryocytes to platelets. Lymphoid cells include T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, and innate lymphoid cells.
The definition of hematopoietic stem cell has developed since they were first discovered in 1961.[5] The hematopoietic tissue contains cells with long-term and short-term regeneration capacities and committed multipotent, oligopotent, and unipotent progenitors. Hematopoietic stem cells constitute 1:10,000 of cells in myeloid tissue.
HSC transplants are used in the treatment of cancers and other immune system disorders[6] due to their regenerative properties. [7]
- Isolated stem cells are seen through Entero-Plasorene micrographs or images. [extremely rare or abnormal and impossible in traditional science]
- Emphasize on the Tree of Life or God’s Hematopoietic Stem Cells of white blood cells Natural Killer cells are observed at 40x magnification via Novel Microscope
Further information: Techniques to isolate haematopoietic stem cells
[Since hematopoietic stem cells cannot be isolated as a pure population, it is not possible to identify them in a microscope.][citation needed] Hematopoietic stem cells can be identified or isolated by the use of flow cytometry where the combination of several different cell surface markers (particularly CD34) are used to separate the rare hematopoietic stem cells from the surrounding blood cells. Hematopoietic stem cells lack expression of mature blood cell markers and are thus called Lin-. Lack of expression of lineage markers is used in combination with detection of several positive cell-surface markers to isolate hematopoietic stem cells. In addition, hematopoietic stem cells are characterized by their small size and low staining with vital dyes such as rhodamine 123 (rhodamine lo) or Hoechst 33342 (side population).
In the paragraph above the only way Pathologist, histologist, and cytologist can identify Hematopoietic stem cells is from blood samples, no microscope as indicated in the paragraph above. They isolate the HSC flow cytometry
Function
The CD34 protein is a member of a family of single-pass transmembrane sialomucin proteins that show expression on early haematopoietic and vascular-associated progenitor cells.[13] However, little is known about its exact function.[14
Clinical applications
CD34+ is often used clinically to quantify the number of haemopoietic stem cells for use in haemopoietic stem cell transplantation. This is generally a useful marker for cell dosing although there is some evidence that the CD34+ quantification may not be reliable in some circumstances.[29] CD34+ cells may be isolated from blood samples using immunomagnetic techniques and used for CD34+ transplants, which have lower rates of graft-versus-host disease.[30]
Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Natural killer (NK) cells are important innate effectors for their defense against pathogens and tumors without the need of prior sensitization. Along with the growing understanding of basic NK cell biology, it has been widely accepted that NK cells are a heterogeneous population of innate lymphoid cell (ILC) family.
(NK) cells are a type of immune cell that has granules (small particles) with enzymes that can kill tumor cells or cells infected with a virus. A natural killer cell is a type of white blood cell. Also called NK cell and NK-LGL.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_killer_cell
Natural killer cells, also known as NK cells or large granular lymphocytes (LGL), are a type of cytotoxic lymphocyte critical to the innate immune system. They belong to the rapidly expanding family of known innate lymphoid cells (ILC) and represent 5–20% of all circulating lymphocytes in humans.[1] The role of NK cells is analogous to that of cytotoxic T cells in the vertebrate adaptive immune response. NK cells provide rapid responses to virus-infected cells, stressed cells, tumor cells, and other intracellular pathogens based on signals from several activating and inhibitory receptors. Most immune cells detect the antigen presented on major histocompatibility complex I (MHC-I) on infected cell surfaces, but NK cells can recognize and kill stressed cells in the absence of antibodies and MHC, allowing for a much faster immune reaction. They were named “natural killers” because of the notion that they do not require activation to kill cells that are missing “self” markers of MHC class I.[2] This role is especially important because harmful cells that are missing MHC I markers cannot be detected and destroyed by other immune cells, such as T lymphocyte cells.
NK cells can be identified by the presence of CD56 and the absence of CD3 (CD56+, CD3−).[3] NK cells differentiate from CD127+ common innate lymphoid progenitor,[4] which is downstream of the common lymphoid progenitor from which B and T lymphocytes are also derived.[4][5] NK cells are known to differentiate and mature in the bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, and thymus, where they then enter into the circulation.[6] NK cells differ from natural killer T cells (NKTs) phenotypically, by origin and by respective effector functions; often, NKT cell activity promotes NK cell activity by secreting interferon gamma. In contrast to NKT cells, NK cells do not express T-cell antigen receptors (TCR) or pan T marker CD3 or surface immunoglobulins (Ig) B cell receptors, but they usually express the surface markers CD16 (FcγRIII) and CD57 in humans, NK1.1 or NK1.2 in C57BL/6 mice. The NKp46 cell surface marker constitutes, at the moment, another NK cell marker of preference being expressed in both humans, several strains of mice (including BALB/c mice) and in three common monkey species.[7][8]
Outside of innate immunity, both activating and inhibitory NK cell receptors play important functional roles in self-tolerance and the sustaining of NK cell activity. NK cells also play a role in the adaptive immune response:[9] numerous experiments have demonstrated their ability to readily adjust to the immediate environment and formulate antigen-specific immunological memory, fundamental for responding to secondary infections with the same antigen.[10] The role of NK cells in both the innate and adaptive immune responses is becoming increasingly important in research using NK cell activity as a potential cancer therapy and HIV therapy.[11][12]
NK cells can be classified as CD56bright or CD56dim.[22][23][3] CD56bright NK cells are similar to T helper cells in exerting their influence by releasing cytokines.[23] CD56bright NK cells constitute the majority of NK cells, being found in bone marrow, secondary lymphoid tissue, liver, and skin.[3] CD56bright NK cells are characterized by their preferential killing of highly proliferative cells,[24] and thus might have an immunoregulatory role. CD56dim NK cells are primarily found in the peripheral blood,[3] and are characterized by their cell killing ability.[23] CD56dim NK cells are always CD16 positive (CD16 is the key mediator of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, or ADCC).[23] CD56bright can transition into CD56dim by acquiring CD16.[3]
NK cells can eliminate virus-infected cells via CD16-mediated ADCC.[25] All coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients show depleted CD56bright NK cells, but CD56dim is only depleted in patients with severe COVID-19.[25]
Tumor cell surveillance
Natural killer cells often lack antigen-specific cell surface receptors, so are part of innate immunity, i.e., able to react immediately with no prior exposure to the pathogen. In both mice and humans, NKs can be seen to play a role in tumor immunosurveillance by directly inducing the death of tumor cells (NKs act as cytolytic effector lymphocytes), even in the absence of surface adhesion molecules and antigenic peptides. This role of NK cells is critical to immune success particularly because T cells are unable to recognize pathogens in the absence of surface antigens.[2] Tumor cell detection results in activation of NK cells and consequent cytokine production and release.
Adaptive NK cells against leukemia targets
Natural killer cells are being investigated as an emerging treatment for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and cytokine-induced memory-like NK cells have shown promise with their enhanced antileukemia functionality.[86] It has been shown that this kind of NK cell has enhanced interferon-γ production and cytotoxicity against leukemia cell lines and primary AML blasts in patients.[86] During a phase 1 clinical trial, five out of nine patients exhibited clinical responses to the treatment, and four patients experienced a complete remission, which suggests that these NK cells have major potential as a successful translational immunotherapy approach for patients with AML in the future.[86]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/apoptosis
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/bleb_(cell_biology)
Bleb (cell biology) – Wikipedia
Cellular function
Apoptotic function
Blebbing is one of the defined features of apoptosis.[6] During apoptosis (programmed cell death), the cell’s cytoskeleton breaks up and causes the membrane to bulge outward.[13] These bulges may separate from the cell, taking a portion of cytoplasm with them, to become known as apoptotic blebs.[14] Phagocytic cells eventually consume these fragments and the components are recycled.
Two types of blebs are recognized in apoptosis. Initially, small surface blebs are formed. During later stages, larger so-called dynamic blebs may appear, which may carry larger organelle fragments such as larger parts of the fragmented apoptotic cell nucleus.[15]
